Twelve on-farm trials were conducted during the 2002/03 wet season in Andhra Pradesh, India, to study the effect of improved production technologies over farmers' practice. The improved technology package included medium duration high-yielding cv. ICPL 87119, resistant to Fusarium wilt and sterility mosaic disease [Pigeon pea sterility mosaic virus]; seed rate of 12 kg/ha; seed treatment with thiram (3 g/kg seed); inoculation with Rhizobium; 20 kg N and 50 kg P/ha; basal application of 0.5 kg B, 10 kg Zn and 30 kg S/ha together with appropriate need-based pest and disease control measures. The farmers' method included a seed rate of 10 kg/ha and basal application of 12 kg N and 30 kg P/ha. The improved production technology gave the highest total dry matter (5.26 t/ha), pod weight (2.33 t/ha), shelling percentage (69.1%), 100-grain weight (10.3 g) and harvest index (0.31).